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Kalimantan Island Indonesia Borneo

Borneo Island is the land of Dayak tribes and lush rainforests containing some of the richest flora and fauna in the world. The Indonesian part of Borneo is called “Kalimantan” and covers the lower two-thirds of the island. The northern part of Borneo Island consists of Malaysian Sabah & Sarawak and the tiny oil-rich sultanate, Brunei.


Kalimantan has an intriguing history of sultanates and traditional Dayak tribes, with a wealth of ecological and cultural treasures that survive deep within the rainforests of the world’s third's largest island. With its legacy of Chinese, Malay, Hindu, Muslim, and Dutch influences, there is a virtual mosaic of traditions flourishing in the bustling seaports and riverside cities to be discovered.

Kalimantan is divided into four provinces East, South, Central and West. It has a total territory of 539,500 sq km, roughly 28% of Indonesia’s total land area, but it has only 7% of the total population,  about 14 million

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KALIMANTAN INTRODUCTION


Despite exploration and development, many areas of Kalimantan are still untouched by the Western world. Tourist facilities are relatively undeveloped and visitors are few. Many Westerners you meet are from the oil and wood booms which began in the 1970s. Good roads are only found near the big coastal cities (there are paved roads between Samarinda and Banjarmasin and around Pontianak), but rivers are the main transportation arteries.

There is no volcanic activity here. The island’s central mountain ranges heavily eroded over thousands of years and are separated by broad river valleys. Kalimantan is crisscrossed by giant rivers including the Mahakam, Barito, Kapuas, and the Kayan.

The population of Kalimantan is diverse, thanks to the booming oil, coal, gold and timber industries. Many Indonesians – along with foreigners – have come to Kalimantan searching for work in the last two decades. The native Dayak people live deeper inland along the river banks throughout the interior. Each Dayak tribe has its own dialect and culture, thriving as hunters and gatherers. Other Indonesians consider the Dayaks to be backward because of their previous headhunting and other animist customs. The truth is that they are scrupulously honest by nature, though exposure to Christianity and modern values has muted this trait.

Even with today’s airstrips and boat connections, Dayak territory is still among the most inaccessible on earth.
 
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